Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted by the K-cells of the small intestine. Like GLP-1, it is released in response to nutrient ingestion and stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas. However, GIP also has unique effects on lipid metabolism; it has been shown to promote fat storage in adipose tissue under conditions of high insulin, but it may also play a role in increasing energy expenditure and improving bone health.
Recent advancements in weight management pharmacology have focused on dual agonists that target both GLP-1 and GIP receptors. While GLP-1 primarily drives satiety and slows digestion, the addition of GIP receptor activation appears to enhance the weight-loss effects and potentially reduce the gastrointestinal side effects associated with GLP-1 alone. This dual-action approach represents a significant leap in the ability to medically manage metabolic dysfunction and obesity.
The definitive guide by Russell Clark, FNP-C, APRN